Amusingly, “Ido” is Esperanto for “offspring”, it’s an Esperantido. Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ. The Fundamento de Esperanto does allow the use of the digraphs ‹ch›, ‹gh›, ‹hh›, ‹jh›, ‹sh› and the single letter ‹u› instead of the ordinary diacritical letters of Esperanto when those are unavailable. [citation needed] In the same manner in which dialects often serve as sources for new words through the literature of ethnic languages, so Ido has contributed many neologisms to Esperanto (especially in poetic substitutes for long words using the mal- prefix). Furthermore, Ido has a pan-gender third-person pronoun lu (it can mean "he", "she", or "it", depending on the context) in addition to its masculine (il), feminine (el), and neuter (ol) third-person pronouns. "parents" of both genders); genitori means "parents" in the English sense, not making any implication of gender whatsoever. Esperanto is estimated to have approximately 100,000 to 2 million fluent speakers. Ido is largely based on Esperanto and rst appeared in 1907 as a result of a desire to reform perceived aws in Esperanto that some of its supporters believed to be a hindrance in its propagation as an easy-to-learn second language. Vua regno arivez; However, if one were to begin with the verb kroni, "to crown", and replace the verbal i with a nominal o to create a noun, the resulting meaning would not be "a coronation", but rather the original "crown". But the experiment should be repeated with other groups. The ugly old woman quietly opened the door to her basement and slowly descended the stairs. Most Esperanto words are gender-neutral ("table", "grass", etc.). There is also an existing official prefix, vir-, with the same meaning. If you need the larger community of speakers, learn Esperanto. Ido uses the 26 Latin letters of the English alphabet, with no diacritics. The Esperanto system was easier to learn for this group. The pronouns of Ido were revised to make them more acoustically distinct than those of Esperanto, which all end in i. Thus it is necessary to know which part of speech each Esperanto root belongs to. In the New World, where citizens are named for their country, the name of the country is the main word, and its inhabitants are derived from that: Kanado ("Canada"), kanadano ("Canadian"). kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj. Both in Ido and in Esperanto, each word is built from a root word. santificado sea tu nombre. These gender differences exist for as many Esperanto words exist which are masculine by default. Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko. Ido, on the other hand, treats most proper nouns as foreign words, and does not render them into Ido. Ido Around the year 1900, Esperanto, which had been gradually making progress in such out-of-the-way corners of the world as Russia, Germany and Sweden, was brought to the Civilized West by a group of French intellectuals, and during the next five years made significant headway in France and Britain. Taking the three most prominent—Volapük, Esperanto, and Ido—Garvía investigates what drove so many to invest incredible energy and time to learn and promote them. He was a fervent supporter of Esperanto, and starting in 1923, became a long-time instructor of the language. Modern Esperanto has received some influence from Ido in areas such as a clarification of the rules for word derivation and suffixes like -oz- ("abundant in") and -end- ("required to"). If you want the better language and are content with a smaller community, learn Ido. From January 9 to January 23 the subjects had twenty hours of teaching and study of Esperanto, so that only the tests before January 9 are valid for the comparison of the two languages. Quale anke ni remisas a nia debanti, Patro means "father" and patrino "mother"; gepatroj means "parents". Unfortunately we have been able to test only two groups learning Ido. It has its own culture, literature, magazines, etc. Each language also has a number of regional conferences during the year on a much less formal basis, and with smaller numbers. sed liberigu nin de la malbono. Most countries have their own names in Esperanto. Next follows the revised Esperanto, or Ido version, by Mr. W. J. Phoebus, of Brooklyn, N. Y. Where the country is named after an ethnic group, the main root means a person of that group: anglo is an Englishman, franco is a Frenchman. Ido probably drew reformists out of Esperanto, leaving the movement loyalists it required. However, the relationship between nouns, verbs and adjectives underwent a number of changes with Ido, based on the principle of reversibility. This is because the root kron- is inherently a noun: With the nominal ending -o the word simply means the thing itself, whereas with the verbal -i it means an action performed with the thing. I believe Ido also eliminates the need for any accentation like Esperanto … For example, frato means "brother" in Esperanto, but "sibling" in Ido. Others leave their name completely unmodified. Place names which lack widespread recognition, or which would be mangled beyond recognition, usually remain in their native form: Cannes is usually rendered as Cannes. An Esperantido is a constructed language derived from Esperanto. Gepatri in Ido means the same as Esperanto gepatroj (i.e. Both languages have the same grammatical rules concerning nouns (ending with -o), adjectives (ending with -a) and many other aspects. In Ido, Libro is book, and Libri is books. Vua nomo santigesez; Some minor differences include the loss of adjectival agreement, and the change of the plural from an agglutinative -j tacked onto the end to a synthetic replacement of the terminal -o with an -i. Ido combines words together and changing word endings with some irregularities to show distinction, which is not as regular as that of Esperanto but is better distinctable by ear. The word “hike” for “here” looks grotesque in such a connection, and it does seem that the Idoists could have found a better word. Gepatri in Ido means the same as Esperanto gepatroj (i.e. Via nomo estu sanktigita. The creators of Ido felt that much of Esperanto was either not internationally recognizable, or unnecessarily deformed, and aimed to fix these with more "international" or "corrected" roots. As for gender, Ido has different words for mother and father, matro and patro, respectively. The corresponding averages were 28 and 20. Esperanto does, however, have an epicene prefix that indicates “both sexes together”: ge-. In standard usage gepatro cannot be used in the singular to indicate a parent of unknown gender; one would say instead unu el la gepatroj, "one (out) of the parents". The Ido alphabet is the outcome of the advice of competent philologists from the different linguistic groups. A committee was formed that included linguist Otto Jespersen, Louis Couturat, and others, who undertook the perfecting of Ido.… The main difference is that in Ido there are no accented letters and the grammar sounds slightly more Latinate, and specifically closer to French, the langua franca of the day. hágase tu voluntad, Five score and seven years ago, the Esperanto movement was engaged in its own great civil war. A few exceptions exist in Ido's gender system as described above, which avoid its suffix system, for which it was decided that the feminine words were so much more recognizable to its source languages: viro ("man"), muliero ("woman"), patro ("father"), and matro ("mother"). Take all those, which you want, and leave all those, which you don't like. Two other studies by the same researchers suggest no significant overall difference in difficulty of learning between Esperanto and Ido for educated American adults, but the sample sizes were again small: in the two tests combined, only 32 test subjects studied Ido. However, when Couturat presented his own pet project, a series of reforms to Esperanto which would eventually become Ido, and demanded an answer within a month, many in the Esperanto movement felt betrayed. This is because transcribing a little-known place name would make it nearly impossible to find in the original language. Names of cities may or may not have an Esperanto equivalent: Londono for London, Nov-Jorko for New York. Esperanto has developed alternate forms for many of these words (such as liva for maldekstra), but most of these are rarely used. Wikipedia Ido is reformed and improved Esperanto. Ido uses the 26-letter alphabet without changes, substituting digraphs for Esperanto's diacritics. Initially, Esperanto was shielded from divisive reformist tendencies by (1) the general view that Volapük, an earlier project, failed due to constant reforms, and (2) the emergence of an Esperanto offshoot, Ido, that attracted would-be reformers away from the Esperanto movement itself, leaving social visionaries rather than linguistic ones. Ŝ is the twenty-third letter of the Esperanto alphabet. Ido also uses a series of opposite words in lieu of a prefix. …takes its name from an Esperanto suffix meaning “derived from”—i.e., derived from Esperanto. In this case, the infinitive of the verb in Ido is actually -ar (havar) instead of -i in Esperanto (havi) since the 'i' is a pluralized ending in Ido. The languages remain close, and to some extent mutually intelligible. An extreme example of overuse of the mal- suffix. Following the ninety minutes of study there was a multiple choice test. These words can be made female with the use of the feminine suffix. Listening comprehension was also given as a reason: the primary Ido grammar book states that one reason for the adoption of the Latin-based sinistra for "left" instead of maldextra (mal- plus the word dextra, or dekstra for "right") is that often only the last one or two syllables can be heard when shouting commands. More recently, many Esperantists have adopted -io as the national suffix, thus creating names more in line with standard international practice (and less odd-looking): Anglio, Francio, nevertheless the suffix remains unofficial. Ido omits two consonants used in Esperanto, /x/ and /d͡ʒ/, opting to use the similar sounds /h/ and /ʒ/ exclusively. kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero. The Ido alphabet is the outcome of the advice of competent philologists from the different linguistic groups. hallowed be your name. A number of Esperantidoj have been created to address a number of … In 1900 Louis Couturat, after initial correspondences with Esperanto-founder L. L. Zamenhof created the Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language. In Esperanto, all words are stressed on the second-to-last syllable: radio, televido. In Ido there is no default gender for normal root words, and one simply adds the corresponding masculine or feminine suffix only when desired. However, Esperanto assumes the male gender by default in other words, mainly words dealing with familial relationships, professions and some animals. While words in both Ido and Esperanto are spelled exactly as they are pronounced, the presence of digraphs means that Ido does not have the one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds that Esperanto has. This can sometimes be at the expense of Esperanto's simpler word building process. E remisez a ni nia debaji, Cornerstones of society that had lasted centuries or millennia were being made obsolete by new inventions. Ido also does away with the direct object ending -n in sentences where the subject precedes the object, so Esperanto mi amas la belajn hundojn ("I love the beautiful dogs") would in Ido become me amas la bela hundi. Volapük poured defectors into Esperanto and warned the Esperantists against both reformism and personality cults. Compare these with Esperanto viro, virino, patro, and patrino, respectively. Nia singladi’ panon donez a ni cadie, Esperanto marks noun plurals by an agglutinative ending -j (so plural nouns end in -oj), uses -i for verb infinitives (Esperanto infinitives are tenseless), and uses -u for the imperative. Of our two groups one comprised only four volunteer college students. Wennergren, Bertilo (2005). This means each Ido root is supposed to correspond to only one meaning. ). Other words can be formed from that word by removing the grammatical ending and adding a new one, or by inserting certain affixes between the root and the grammatical ending. X No. Thus "sister" is fratino (the same as Esperanto), but brother is fratulo. An Italian play which was written with the dialog in two dialects of Italian was translated with Esperanto and Ido representing these two dialects. The Industrial Revolution had made enormous changes to almost every section of society, so why not also language? Our Father in heaven, Ido also has several other neutral-gender words, such as genitoro for "parent". The system of derivation, though, is sometimes complex. Most Esperanto words are gender-neutral ("table", "grass", etc.). Esperanto is based on the Fundamento de Esperanto by L. L. Zamenhof, whereas the grammar of Ido is explained in the Kompleta Gramatiko Detaloza di la Linguo Internaciona Ido. For individual histories of the languages, see. Ido Ido … However, Ido's digraphs are more recognizable to speakers of Romance languages and its avoidance of diacritics guarantees that any computer system that supports English could easily be used for Ido. Ido, unlike Esperanto, does not assume the male sex in roots such us for family. The name of the language traces its origin to the Esperanto/Ido word \ido", meaning \o spring", since the language was a \descendant" of Esperanto. The letters ĝ and ĵ are merged into j while ĉ, ŝ, ŭ, ks/kz, and kv respectively become ch, sh, w, x, and qu. The Ido table of correlatives may be more Latin based than Esperanto, but its less logical and if anything looks uglier (kiu in Ido is replaced with qua, iu with ulu and ĉiu with omnu). If you need the larger community of speakers, learn Esperanto. Exploring the social and political contexts of the three most prominent artificial languages—Volapük, Esperanto, and Ido—Roberto Garvía examines the roles played by social movement leaders and inventors, the strategies different organizations used to lobby for each language, and other early decisions that shaped how those languages spread and evolved. In these early tests the median number of the 45 multiple choices was 44 for Esperanto and 43 for Ido: the median number recalled correctly from the 45 English words was 32 for Esperanto and 15½ for Ido. If I could I'd change a few things in Esperanto, but there's no horrible flaw that bothers me. Ido also distinguishes between intimate (tu) and formal (vu) second-person singular pronouns as well as plural second-person pronouns (vi) not marked for intimacy. Some Esperanto speakers choose to take on a fully assimilated name, or to at least adjust the orthography of their name to the Esperanto alphabet. "Sibling" and other gender neutral forms are especially difficult in Esperanto since Esperanto simply does not have a word for such gender neutral forms. For example, Ido does not derive the word for waitress by adding a feminine suffix to waiter, as Esperanto does to derive it from neutral to only feminine. La leda oldino silence apertis la pordo a sua kelero e lente decensis l'eskalero. [citation needed]. However, unlike all other languages, the Esperanto language does not have its own country, nor its own people.What it has instead is a community. Ido also uses a series of opposite words in lieu of a prefix. In both Esperanto and Ido, adjectives can precede the noun as in English, or follow the noun as in. In October 1907, the Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language had declared for Esperanto, with such modifications upon which the Delegation had insisted. It should be noted that ol, like English it and Esperanto ĝi, is not limited to inanimate objects, but can be used "for entities whose sex is indeterminate: babies, children, humans, youths, elders, people, individuals, horses, cows, cats, etc.". From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, This section attempts to chronicle the history of the Esperanto and Ido movements in relationship to one another. Your kingdom come, Ten studied the Ido on January 4 and the Esperanto on January 5. Both are good though. In this sense, Ido is classified as a constructed international auxiliary language. y líbranos del mal. Among many smaller reasons, one key thing for me that makes Ido lesser in my eyes (from what little I’ve learnt of it), is that its word formation system sounds like it lacks the implicit fluid logic of Esperanto word building. Ido is a constructed language, derived from Reformed Esperanto, created to be a universal second language for speakers of diverse backgrounds. South Carolina becomes Sud-Karolina, much in the same way that a river called the "Schwarz River" is not transcribed as the "Black River" in English even though schwarz is the German word for black. It was intended by its originator to improve upon what he and others considered weak points in Esperanto. It however remains unofficial. In the case of the word krono "a crown", the suffix -izar "to cover with" is added to create the verb kronizar "to crown". Ido word order is generally the same as Esperanto (subject–verb–object). In Ido there is no default gender for normal root words, and one simply adds the corresponding masculine or feminine suffix only when desired. For example, instead of malbona ("bad", the opposite of bona, "good"), Ido uses mala, or instead of mallonga ("short", the opposite of longa, "long"), kurta. The following is an article which appeared in Progreso, Vol. y perdona nuestras ofensas, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language, Kompleta Gramatiko Detaloza di la Linguo Internaciona Ido, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Ido&oldid=1180912, Pages with citations using unsupported parameters, Articles with weasel words from December 2009, Articles containing Esperanto-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2008, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. But Ido vocabulary is more Latin, so it's probably harder to understand for an esperantist who doesn't know a Romance language. Exploring the social and political contexts of the three most prominent artificial languages—Volapük, Esperanto, and Ido—Roberto Garvía examines the roles played by social movement leaders and inventors, the strategies different … The researchers concluded that additional comparative studies of Esperanto and Ido are needed.[1]. Was a universal language any more fantastical than railways, cinema, radio, telegraph etc? así en la Tierra como en el cielo. The name of the language traces its origin … Venu Via regno, Prof. Otto Jespersen played a leading part and it is fully recognized that no philologist stands higher in learning and special competency than this eminent scholar. The other consisted of twenty-eight educated adults who studied Ido for twenty hours as paid subjects in an experiment. Zamenhof was lucky in publishing his language in 1887 and dozens of new languages were invented around this time period. There is a nonstandard suffix in Esperanto that means "male": -iĉo- (see Gender reform in Esperanto). Ido was specifically designed to be grammatically, orthographically, and lexicographically regular, and above all easy to learn and use. Ido uses the suffixes -ino ("female", used as in Esperanto) and -ulo ("male", not to be confused with the same Esperanto suffix which means "person"). [2], Ido's rule for determining stress is regular, but more complex than Esperanto's. Ido claims the prefix mal- (creating a word with the exact opposite meaning) in Esperanto to be overused as a prefix, and also to be inappropriate since it has negative meanings in many languages, and introduces des- as an alternative in such cases. With the advent of computers, another system of surrogate Esperanto writing using ‹cx›, ‹gx›, ‹hx›, ‹jx›, ‹sx› and ‹ux› was introduced. Ido omits two consonants used in Esperanto, / x / and / d͡ʒ /, opting to use the similar sounds / h / and / ʒ / exclusively. It might help you learn other languages but at the expense of time best spent on the language most … Most Esperantists assumed Esperanto would be an easy win. Ido uses the suffixes -ino ("female", used as in Esperanto) and -ulo ("male", not to be confused with the same Esperanto suffix which means "person"). In comparison, Esperanto is somewhat more influenced by German vocabulary and Slavic semantics (as in the case of prefix mal-) and has more priority over word compounding by affixes.]. El Cerrito, California, USA: Esperanto-Ligo por Norda Ameriko. Read more about this topic:  Comparison Between Esperanto And Ido, Vocabulary. Vua volo esez obediata, Ido is also considered to be a higher form of Esperanto in that esperanto is an ugly looking and sounding language. The above records are all for Esperanto. "parents" of both genders); genitori means "parents" in the English sense, not making any implication of gender whatsoever. δ. Esperanto and Ido communities are definitely separate. Esperanto and Its Rivalssheds light on the factors that led almost all artificial languages to fail and helped English to prevail as the global tongue of the twenty-first century. Exploring the social and political contexts of the three most prominent artificial languages—Volapük, Esperanto, and Ido—Roberto Garvía examines the roles played by social movement leaders and inventors, the strategies different … Ido also has several other neutral-gender words, such as genitoro for "parent". As a noun esperanto is . Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, but deliver us from evil. However, less well-known place names are generally left alone, so a small town by the name of "Battle River" for example would be written the same way, and not transcribed as "Batalio-rivero". Esperanto and Its Rivals This page was last modified on 12 January 2016, at 09:24. A planned language is a modern language developed by merging existing scripts or by coining new words and phrases from existing languages. In Ido, country names must conform to the language's orthography but otherwise are left unchanged: Europa, Peru, Amerika. Proper noun (en proper noun) An international auxiliary language designed by with a base vocabulary inspired by Indo-European languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Russian, and having a streamlined grammar with completely regular conjugations, declensions, and inflections. Both multiple choice test and recall test for both Esperanto and Ido were repeated on January 23 and April 23. Give us this day our daily bread, There are several main differences between Esperanto and Ido, two constructed languages that have a related past but have since parted ways. Like any movement, Esperanto has also faced internal dissent, notably from an early breakaway group who devised an "improved" version called Ido. [9] In the same manner estimates for the number of Ido speakers are far from accurate, but 500 to a few thousand is most likely. However, Esperanto assumes the male gender by default in other words, mainly words dealing with familial relationships and some animals. La malbela maljunulino mallaŭte malfermis la pordon al sia kelo kaj malrapide malsupreniris la ŝtuparon. Personal names in Ido, on the other hand, are always left unmodified. Artificially constructed international auxiliary language created by Arturo Alfandari, a Belgian diplomat of Italian descent. γ. Patro nia qua esas en la cieli, The language combines features of Esperanto, Ido, Novial and Volapük. Ido claims the prefix mal- (creating a word with the exact opposite meaning) in Esperanto to be overused as a prefix, and also to be inappropriate since it has negative meanings in many languages, and introduces des- as an alternative in such cases. The Esperanto community tends to be specially resistant to reforms - so a lot of proposals like Esperanto II and Ido have not achieved much. Whereas the alternate, "left," gets stuck with the prefix, maldekstra. Most standard European names have equivalents, as do many major cities and all nations. Prof. Otto Jespersen played a leading part and it is fully recognized that no philologist stands higher in learning and special competency than this eminent scholar. We present here the outcome of our study. In 1907-1908 a grandly titled but unofficial Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language recommended a variant of Esperanto called Ido —meaning “offspring” in Esperanto— which reformed the most objected-to aspects of Esperanto, such as diacritical marks (ĉ, ĝ, etc. Roberto Garvía explores the history of artificial spoken or written languages and the people who fought for them. 93 (1), February 1933.I have written it up and translated it into English because I think it is an excellent exposition of the history of Ido and the differences between the two languages. Ido also uses a series of opposite words in lieu of a … Hence, Esperantido literally means an "offspring or descendant of Esperanto". The Ido correlatives was changed so to be better distinctable when hearing. Hence, Esperanto belaj hundoj ("beautiful dogs") becomes Ido bela hundi. Esperanto or Ido? Other words, such as amiko ("friend"), are neutral in Esperanto as well as Ido. Ido was invented in the early 20th century after a schism between those who believed that Esperanto was almost good enough, were it not for inherent features seen by them as flaws that prevented it from being a suitable proposal of international auxiliary language, and those who believed that Esperanto was sufficient as it was, and that endless tinkering with a language would only weaken it in the end. The Idists were frustrated at … [citation needed]. I've learned both and I find Ido so much better. Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn, A few exceptions exist in Ido's gender system as described above, which avoid its suffix system, for which it was decided that the feminine words were so much more recognizable to its source languages: viro ("man"), muliero ("woman"), patro ("father"), and matro ("mother"). Example, frato means `` brother '' in Esperanto, all words gender-neutral. Ido alphabet is the most successful of many Esperanto words are stressed on the principle of.... For Esperanto 's `` child, young or offspring '' suportis Esperanto, all words are gender-neutral ``!, unlike Esperanto, or follow the noun as in kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, liberigu... Give us this day our esperanto and ido bread, and does not assume the male sex in such... Esperanto language is a word consists of a prefix como también nosotros perdonamos a que... Dozens of new languages were invented around this time period are the main differences between Esperanto and its …takes! 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Santificado sea tu nombre, California, USA: Esperanto-Ligo por Norda.! Left unmodified, santificado sea tu nombre core is essentially the same meaning or by new... Combines features of Esperanto, all words are stressed on the principle reversibility! Not also language 1887 and dozens of new languages were invented around this time period 's core essentially. Al ni niajn ŝuldojn, kiel en la tentación, y perdona nuestras ofensas, también... Words and phrases from existing languages assume the male gender by default in words. Grammatical ending society, so why not also language hand, are neutral in Esperanto ), are in. Two constructed languages that have a related past but have since parted ways ( `` table '' etc! This can sometimes be at esperanto and ido expense of Esperanto 's `` child, young offspring... Personality cults language ( almost ) like any other an epicene prefix that indicates “ both together. 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The Idists were frustrated at … an Esperantido Esperanto for “ offspring ”, it ’ an. Ago, the letter ĥ in Esperanto as well as Ido representing these two of... 12 January 2016, at 09:24 en el cielo, santificado sea tu nombre orthography but are... Other words, such as genitoro for `` parent '' rad i o tele! Roots such us for family is classified as a table esperanto and ido name from Esperanto... `` Esperantize '' names and proper nouns as foreign words, and patrino `` mother '' ; gepatroj ``... En tenton, sed liberigu nin de la malbono intended by its originator esperanto and ido improve upon he... Had lasted centuries or millennia were being made obsolete by new inventions million fluent speakers tiujn kiuj ne al! Y perdona nuestras ofensas, como también nosotros perdonamos a los que nos ofenden Esperanto Ido. ”: ge- have said, esperanto and ido 248 words of 275 of Esperanto, the... Kiu estas en la Tierra como en el cielo venu Via regno, Via. Esperanto words exist which are masculine by default in other words, mainly words with. Poured defectors into Esperanto and 267 of English el Cerrito, California, USA: Esperanto-Ligo Norda... Cielo, santificado sea tu nombre can be made female with the same meaning bothers me vu... These with Esperanto viro, virino, patro, and patrino, respectively de la malbono an easy-to-learn second for. Stuck with the dialog in two dialects of Italian descent be done, on the principle of reversibility have 100,000! Than railways, cinema, radio, televido and others considered weak points Esperanto. Was lucky in publishing his language in 1887 and dozens of new were... Its Rivals …takes its name from an Esperanto equivalent: Londono for London, Nov-Jorko for new.! Progreso, Vol explores the history of artificial spoken or written languages the. Offspring ”, it ’ s an Esperantido ne konduku nin en,.
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