Richard III died in the thick of battle after losing his helmet and coming under a hail of blows from vicious medieval weapons, new research has shown. He became King William III of England and of Ireland on 22 January 1689, and King William II of Scotland on 4 April 1689, in each case ruling as joint monarch with his wife, Mary II, until her death on 28 December 1694, and then ruling as sole monarch. Some believe there may have been truth to the rumours,[112] while others affirm that they were no more than figments of his enemies' imaginations, as it was common for someone childless like William adopting or evincing paternal affections for a younger man. [11] In these lessons, the prince was taught that he was predestined to become an instrument of Divine Providence, fulfilling the historical destiny of the House of Orange-Nassau.[12]. His father William II Prince of Orange died on October 27th in the year 1650 and his mother was Mary Stuart, daughter of Charles I. William was brought up in the Protestant Faith and he spoke English, French, Dutch, German, Latin and Spanish. [128] He was William's closest agnatic relative, as well as grandson of William's aunt Henriette Catherine. William’s reign came at a precarious time in Europe when religious divide dominated international relations. However Mary was well liked by her people. When, however, Joseph Ferdinand died of smallpox in February 1699, the issue re-opened. In English history, William III has typically been viewed favorably. A Dutchman by birth, part of the House of Orange, he would later reign as King of England, Scotland and Ireland until his death in 1702. [144] In his later coat of arms, William used the motto: Je Maintiendrai (medieval French for "I will maintain"). Updated 2/26/2016 7:45:12 PM. Peace was finally made by a series of treaties in 1678 and 1679. William of Orange lived from 14 November 1650 to 8 March 1702. King William III died from pneumonia. During an interview with \"TV Guide\" in April of 1963, Talman told writer Richard Gehman that his father made a good deal of money, \"enough to send me to school in a … William was "William II" of Scotland, for there was only one previous Scottish king named, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel, Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Charles II of England, Scotland, and Ireland, King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland, Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Protestant officers defected from the English army, Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince of Bavaria, candidacy of several dozen people more closely related to Mary and Anne, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, Cultural depictions of William III of England, List of deserters from James II to William of Orange, "Act of Union 1707, the Revolution in Scotland", William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, "De schuld van Willem III en zijn vrienden aan den moord der gebroeders de Witt", "BBC – History – Scottish History – Restoration and Revolution (II)", "BBC – History – British History in depth: The Jacobite Cause", "The Castle of Good Hope, oldest surviving colonial building in South Africa, is completed", Redefining William III. William was in no way implicated in the crime and was enraged when he heard of it, but, because of the number of the murderers and perhaps because of the general revolutionary situation, he failed to bring them to justice. Mary II (30 April 1662 – 28 December 1694) was Queen regnant of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 until her death. Randall Hank Williams (AKA Hank Williams, Jr) is alive and well. William III, byname William of Orange, also called William Henry, prince of Orange, Dutch Willem Hendrik, prins van Oranje, (born November 14 [November 4, Old Style], 1650, The Hague, Netherlands—died March 19 [March 8], 1702, London, England), stadholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands as William III (1672–1702) and king of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1689–1702), reigning jointly with Queen Mary II (until her death in 1694). [71] James's support began to dissolve almost immediately upon William's arrival; Protestant officers defected from the English army (the most notable of whom was Lord Churchill of Eyemouth, James's most able commander), and influential noblemen across the country declared their support for the invader. His plans for a European settlement were largely carried out by the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). On August 20 Johan de Witt and his brother, who were unjustly suspected of treachery, were murdered by an infuriated mob at The Hague. [76] It did not, however, extend toleration as far as he wished, still restricting the religious liberty of Roman Catholics, non-trinitarians, and those of non-Christian faiths. smallpox a fall from a horse beheading on the battlefield. 25. France's annexations in the Southern Netherlands and Germany (the Réunion policy) and the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, caused a surge of Huguenot refugees to the Republic. He was appointed in February 1672, though at first with very limited authority. He directed the European opposition to Louis XIV of France and, in Great Britain, secured the triumph of Protestantism and of Parliament. [85] Roman Catholics, as well as those who married Catholics, were excluded.[85]. [98] As a result, William began to prefer the Whig faction known as the Junto. As stadholder of five of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, William II had recently incurred the enmity of a powerful minority of a republican oligarchy that dominated the province of Holland and the city of Amsterdam. [61] In November, James's second wife, Mary of Modena, was announced to be pregnant. William was already in poor health, suffering from chronic asthma. William dissolved Parliament in 1695, and the new Parliament that assembled that year was led by the Whigs. Many myths persist about the last Plantagenet king, whose remains were discovered beneath a Leicester car park in 2012; three years later he was reburied in Leicester Cathedral. [135] Long Island itself was also known as Nassau during early Dutch rule. William Rufus was crowned by Lanfranc, the Archbishop of Canterbury, on 26th September. [86], The Bill of Rights also settled the question of succession to the Crown. [69] With a Dutch army, William landed at Brixham in southwest England on 5 November 1688. 0 Answers/Comments. King Charles II of Spain was an invalid with no prospect of having children; some of his closest relatives included King Louis XIV of France and Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. King William III Prince of Orange William was born on November 4th 1650 at 8.30pm. He retired from the Navy in 1790. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). His eldest son, Frederick William IV, succeeded him. He became King William III of England and of Ireland on 22 January 1689, and King William II of Scotland on 4 April 1689, in each case ruling as joint monarch with his wife, Mary II, until her death on 28 December 1694, and then ruling as sole monarch. [39] William answered famously: "There is one way to avoid this: to die defending it in the last ditch." [127] His sister-in-law and cousin, Anne, became queen regnant of England, Scotland and Ireland. Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272. He decided to bring his girlfriend, Starkloff, back with him to meet his extended family. In Feb 1702, while riding his favourite horse Sorrell from Hampton Court, the animal stumbled and William fell badly, breaking his collar bone. [36] Louis XIV of France, believing the war was over, began negotiations to extract as large a sum of money from the Dutch as possible. [129] Under the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), Frederick I's successor, Frederick William I of Prussia, ceded his territorial claim to King Louis XIV of France, keeping only a claim to the title. [25], The province of Holland, the centre of anti-Orangism, abolished the office of stadtholder and four other provinces followed suit in March 1670, establishing the so-called "Harmony". William III was born in The Hague in the Dutch Republic on 4 November 1650. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In accordance with the Treaty of Rijswijk (20 September 1697), which ended the Nine Years' War, Louis recognised William III as King of England, and undertook to give no further assistance to James II. [105], After the Anglo-Dutch fleet defeated a French fleet at La Hogue in 1692, the allies for a short period controlled the seas, and the Treaty of Limerick (1691) pacified Ireland. Frederick William III died on 7 June 1840 in Berlin, from a fever, survived by his second wife. William III and Mary II . William, son of William II of Orange, was born on 14th November 1650 (Georgian Calendar) at The Hague. [17] William begged De Witt to allow Zuylenstein to stay, but he refused. Introduction. While undressing him after his death, his servants found Queen Mary’s gold ring and a … William III fell severely ill in 1887 and breathed his last on November 23, 1890, at the ‘Het Loo Palace’ in Apeldoorn, Netherlands.